What characterizes the constructivist learning approach?

The constructivist learning approach is characterized by building understanding from personal experiences. This theory posits that learners actively construct their own knowledge by connecting new information to their existing cognitive frameworks, which are shaped by their experiences and interactions with the world around them. This active engagement in the learning process encourages critical thinking and allows students to apply their knowledge in real-world situations, making learning more meaningful and relevant.

In contrast, the other choices highlight methods that are not aligned with constructivist principles. For instance, learning through passive observation emphasizes a more traditional, didactic approach where students do not engage actively with the material. Strict adherence to a predefined curriculum limits flexibility and personal relevance, which are central to constructivist learning. Lastly, a focus on individual assessments only disregards the collaborative nature of learning emphasized in constructivist approaches, where social interactions and dialogue play a crucial role in knowledge construction.